Abnormal biochemical parameters among term neonates with perinatal asphyxia and their non-asphyxiated controls in Osogbo.

Authors

  • O. V. Kayode
  • O. J. Adebami
  • O. A. Oyedeji
  • S. O. Oninla
  • S. B. A. Oseni
  • A. O. Odeyemi

Keywords:

Abnormal biochemical parameters, Nigeria, Perinatal Asphyxia

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of abnormal biochemical parameters among neonates with perinatal asphyxia in comparison to their non-asphyxiated controls.

Methodology: This is a prospective case - control study involving 54 asphyxiated term neonates and 54 non-asphyxiated term babies at LAUTECH teaching hospital, Osogbo. Serum levels of Sodium, Bicarbonate, Chloride, Calcium and Potassium were determined daily for 72 hours in both groups using standard methods. The results were compared.

Results: The overall prevalence of abnormal biochemical parameters namely hyponatraemia, hypocalcaemia, metabolic acidosis, hypochloraemia and hypokalaemia among the asphyxiated versus non-asphyxiated babies in the first 72 hours of life were 30.9% vs 19.8% (p < 0.020); 28.4% vs 4.9% (p < 0.000); 30.9% vs 3.1% (p < 0.0001); 27.2% vs 25.9% (p < 0.200) and 24.7% vs 3.1% (p < 0.070) respectively. 

     


Conclusion: Babies with hypoxic ischaemic encephalopathy stage III significantly showed the worst biochemical parameters; early estimation of serum electrolytes in neonates with perinatal asphyxia may be appropriate for timely intervention.

References

World Health Organization [WHO]. Basic newborn resuscitation: A practical guide. WHO, Geneva, 1997.

Adams – Chapman I, Still B J. Nervous system disorders – hypoxia – ischaemia. In: Kliegmann RM, Berhrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton BF, (eds). Nelson textbook of Paediatrics. 18th edition. Saunders Philadelphia, USA. 2007; 718 – 720.

Lawn JE, Cousens S, Zupan J. 4 million neonatal deaths:When? Where? Why? Lancet 2005; 365 (9462): 891 – 900.

Unisex. State of the world's children 2009. UNICEF 2009: New York.

Lawn JE, Wilczynka – Ketende K, Cousens SN. Estimating the causes of 4 million neonatal deaths in the year 2000. Int J Epidemiol 2006; 35 (3): 706 – 718.

Stanton C, Lawn JE, Rahaman H, Wilczynska – Ketende K, Hill k. Still birth rates: delivering estimates in 190 countries. Lancet 2006; 367(9521): 1487 - 1494.

Darmstadt GL, Bhutta ZA, Cousens S, Adam

TW, De Bernis L. Evidence - based, cost effective interventions: how many newborn babies can we save? Lancet 2005; 365 (9463): 977 – 988.

Stoll BJ. The global impact of neonatal infection. Clin Perinatol 1997; 24(1): 1 – 21.

Jayaprakash K, Murah BH. Study of electrolytes status, glucose and uric acid levels in Perinatal Asphyxia. J evolution of med dent sc 2014; 3(18): 4786 – 4790.

Basu P, Som S, Das H, Choudhun N. Electrolytes status in birth asphyxia. Indian J Pediatr 2010; 77(3): 259 – 262.

Joag G, Langade R, Aundhakar H, Raghav K. Study of serum sodium, serum glucose and blood glucose in neonates with perinatal asphyxia. Inter J Multi 2017; 4(2): 82 – 84.

Onyiriuka AN. Prevalence of neonatal hypocalcaemia among full term infants with severe perinatal asphyxia. Pacific J Med Sci 2011; 8(1):2072 – 1625.

Padayachee N, Ballot DE. Outcomes of neonates with perinatal asphyxia at a tertiary academic hospital in Johannesburg, South Africa. S Afr J CH 2013; 7(3): 89 – 94.

Ogunfowora OB, Ogunlesi TA, Fetuga MB, Oyinlade OA. Clinical manifestations and outcome of hospitalized babies with birth asphyxia in Sagamu. Nig J Paed 2008; 35: 12 – 18.

Onyearugha CN, Ugboma HA. Severe birth asphyxia: Risk factors as seen in a tertiary institution in the Niger Delta area of Nigeria. Control J Trop Med 2010; 4: 11 – 19.

Adebami OJ. Pattern of neonatal seizures in Osogbo, South – western Nigeria. S Afr J Cli Hlth 2010; 4(2): 46 – 49.

Charen J, Biswas T. How to calculate sample size for different study designs in medical research. Indian J Psy Med 2013; 35(2):121-126.

Sarnat HB, Sarnat MS. Neonatal encephalopathy following fetal distress. A clinical and electroencephalographic study. Arch Neurol 1976; 33(10): 696 – 705.

Adedoyin OT, Akindele JA, Ajayi A, Okesina AB. Serum electrolytes, urea and creatinine in clinically stable newborn. West Afr J Med, 2001; 20(3): 263 – 7.

Downloads

Published

2023-10-10

How to Cite

Kayode, O. V., Adebami, O. J., Oyedeji, O. A., Oninla, S. O., Oseni, S. B. A., & Odeyemi, A. O. (2023). Abnormal biochemical parameters among term neonates with perinatal asphyxia and their non-asphyxiated controls in Osogbo. Research Journal of Health Sciences, 9(3), 308–319. Retrieved from https://rjhs.org/index.php/home/article/view/294

Issue

Vol. 9 No. 3 (2021): Research Journal of Health Sciences

Section

Original Article

License

Copyright (c) 2023 Research Journal of Health Sciences

Creative Commons License

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.

Research Journal of Health Sciences journal is a peer reviewed, Open Access journal. The Journal subscribed to terms and conditions of Open Access publication. Articles are distributed under the terms of Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). (http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0). All articles are made freely accessible for everyone to read, download, copy and distribute as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.