Antibiotic prophylaxis in obstetric and gynaecological procedures: Acomparative study between two regimens of antibiotics
Keywords:
Antibiotic prophylaxis, Ceftriaxone, Healthcare, Surgical site infectionAbstract
Background: Postoperative wound infections have an enormous impact on the
quality of life and contribute substantially to the financial cost of patient care. The
study aims to compare the clinical efficacy of two perioperative/postoperative
antibiotic regimens, the wound outcome and difference in cost on healthcare
between these regimens.
Methods: This is an observational prospective cohort study of 290 women. Women
scheduled for elective surgeries in the department were grouped to have either a
combination of ampicillin/cloxacillin (Ampiclox), Gentamicin, and Metronidazole
(triple regimen) or a combination of ceftriaxone and metronidazole (double
regimen). Data was analysed using Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS)
Windows version 21. The wound outcome and the cost implication of the antibiotic
regimen were compared by chi-square test and t-test as appropriate. A p-value less
than 0.05 was considered significant.
Results: The postoperative wound infection rate in this study was 7.24%. There was
no statistical significant difference in postoperative infection in the triple regimen
group compared to the double regimen group. However, there was a significantly
longer duration of stay in the hospital in the triple regimen group (P <0.05). There
was also a statistical significant difference in the cost of hospital stay and the cost of
antibiotics in the triple regimen group (P<0.05). There was no statistically
significant difference in the pattern of organisms cultured in both groups.
Conclusions: Ceftriaxone/Metronidazole regime of antibiotics showed superiority
over ampicillin/cloxacillin, Metronidazole, and Gentamicin in the prevention of
postoperative wound infection, hospital stay, and reduced cost of healthcare.
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