Distribution of Selected Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors among Hemodialysis Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study, Cameroon
Keywords:
Cardiovascular Diseases, Chronic Kidney Disease, Renal Dialysis, Risk FactorsAbstract
Objective: To determine the distribution of conventional cardiovascular disease risk factors in hemodialyzed patients in a novel Cameroonian regional hemodialysis center.
Methods: This was cross-sectional study carried out at the hemodialysis center of the Garoua Regional Hospital during the period April to August 2014. Sociodemographic, clinical, anthropometric and biochemical data were assessed.
Results: Our sample population constituted 35 patients with stage V chronic kidney disease (CKD) undergoing hemodialysis. Among them, 74.3% were physically inactive while 22.9% and 2.9% presented with alcohol and tobacco consumption, respectively. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemias, overweight and obesity were estimated at 91.4%, 22.9%, 85.7%, 25.7% and 14.8%, respectively. There was a significant difference between men and women concerning the mean values of diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.036) and HDL cholesterol (p = 0.024). Moreover, the mean systolic (P = 0.028) and diastolic (P = 0.005) blood pressures were significantly highest in patients with less than a year of hemodialysis.
Conclusion: Our findings suggest that dyslipidemias and other cardiovascular disease risk factors frequently occur in hemodialyzed patients in our setting.
References
Rucker D and Tonelli M. Cardiovascular risk and management in chronic kidney failure. Nat Rev Nephrol. 2009; 5 (5): 287-96.
Matsushita K, Van Der Velde M, Astor BC et al. Association of estimated glomerular filtration rate and albuminuria with all-cause and
cardiovascular mortality in general population cohorts: a collaborative meta-analysis. Lancet. 2010; 375 (9731): 2073-81.
Longenecker JC, Coresh J, Powe NR et al. Traditional Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors in Dialysis Patients Compared with the General Population: The CHOICE Study. J Am Soc
Nephrol. 2002; 13 (7): 1918-27.
Pérez-García R, Martín-Malo A, Fort J et al. Baseline characteristics of an incident hemodialysis population in Spain: results from ANSWER – a multicenter, prospective, observational cohort study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009; 24 (2): 578-88.
Naicker S. End-stage renal disease in SubSaharan Africa. Kidney International. 2013; 3 (Supplements): 161–163.
Stanifer JW, Jing B, Tolan S et al. The epidemiology of chronic kidney disease in subSaharan Africa: a systematic review and metaanalysis. Lancet Global Health. 2014; 2: e174181.
Naicker S. End-stage renal disease in sub-Saharan Africa. Ethn Dis Spring. 2009; 19(1 Suppl 1):S113. PMID: 19484867.
Institut National de la Statistique, Annuaire statistique du Cameroun : Recueil des séries d'informations statistiques sur les activités économiques, sociales, politiques et culturelles du pays jusqu'en 2013, Institut National de la Statistique, Yaoundé, Cameroun, Edition 2013. 2013; 30-31.
World Health Organization, STEPS: The WHO STEPwise approach to noncommunicable disease risk factor surveillance, World Health Organization. Geneva, Switzerland. 2008.
Chobanian AV, Bakris GL, Black HR et al. The Seventh Report of the Joint National Committee on Prevention, Detection, Evaluation, and Treatment of High Blood Pressure: the JNC 7 report. JAMA. 2003; 289: 2560-72.
Friedewald WT, Levy RI and Fredrickson DS. Estimation of the concentration of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in Plasma, without use of the preparative ultracentrifuge. Clinical chemistry.1972; 18 (6): 499-502.
Jha VG, Garcia-Garcia, Iseki K et al. Chronic kidney disease: global dimension and perspectives. Lancet. 2013; 382 (9888): 260-272.
Jorge JG, Santos MAA, Filho JASB et al. Level of Physical Activity and In-Hospital Course of
Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia. 2016; 106 (1): 33-40.
Burmeister JE, Mosmann CB, Costa VB et al. Prevalence of Cardiovascular Risk Factors in Hemodialysis Patients – The CORDIAL Study. Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia. 2014 ; 102 (5) : 473-80.
Karimi I, Ben abdellah N, Bentata Y, Yacoubi H and Haddiya I. Evaluation du niveau d'activité physique dans un service Marocain
d'hémodialyse chronique. Pan African Medical Journal. 2013; 15 (79).
Lee IM, Djousse L, Sesso HD, Wang L and Buring JE. Physical activity and weight gain prevention. JAMA. 2010; 303 (12): 1173-9.
Wambua MC and Jamal I. Tobacco use and the cardiovascular disease epidemic in developing countries: prevention opportunity. DMSJ. 2012; 19 (1): 17-21.
Muntner P, He J, Astor BC, Folsom AR and Coresh J. Traditional and Nontraditional Risk Factors Predict Coronary Heart Disease in Chronic Kidney Disease: Results from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2005; 16 (2): 529-38.
Hou F, Jiang J, Chen J et al. China collaborative study on dialysis: a multi-centers cohort study on cardiovascular diseases in patients on maintenance dialysis. BMC Nephrol. 2012; 13 (94).
Agarwal R, Nissenson AR, Batlle D et al. Prevalence, treatment, and control of
hypertension in chronic hemodialysis patients in the United States. Am J Med. 2003; 115 (4): 291297.
Kotanko P, Garg AX, Depner T et al. Effects of frequent hemodialysis on blood pressure: Results from the randomized frequent hemodialysis network trials. Hemodial Int. 2015; 19 (3): 386401.
Pham H, Utzschneider KM and De Boer IH. Measurement of insulin resistance in chronic kidney failure. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens. 2011; 20 (6): 640-6.
Liao MT, Sung CC, Hung KC et al. Insulin Resistance in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease. J Biomed Biotechnol. 2012; 2012, ID. 91369.
Kabbali N, Mikou S, El Pardiya NT et al. Profil des diabétiques en hémodialyse chronique: étude multicentrique au Maroc. Pan Afr Med J. 2014; 2 (17): 125.
El Farouki MR, Bahadi AA, Hamzi MA et al. Profil des insuffisants rénaux chroniques diabétiques à l'initiation de l'hémodialyse au service de néphrologie et dialyse de l'hôpital militaire de Rabat, Maroc. Pan Afr Med J. 2013; 15 (1): 124.
Sobngwi E, Enoru S, Ashuntantang G et al. Dayto-Day Variation of Insulin Requirements of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and End-Stage
Renal Disease Undergoing Maintenance Hemodialysis. Diabetes Care. 2010 ; 33 (7) : 1409-1412.
Idrissi SE, Dami A, Bouhsain S et al. Profil lipidique dans l'insuffisance rénale chronique au stade d'hémodialyse: étude marocaine. Sante. 2011; 21 (1): 27-31.
Batta FZ, Houssaini TS, Sekkouri KA et al. Hemodialysis-associated dyslipidemia: effect of virgin argane oil consumption. JIRMEPS. 2016; 9 (3): 139-45.
Li H, Wang S. Cardiovascular Disease in Hemodialysis Patients. In Hemodialysis, Edited by Hiromichi Suzuki. 2013; DOI: 10.5772/45929.
Sun GZ, Li Z, Guoet L al. High prevalence of dyslipidemia and associated risk factors among rural Chinese adults. Lipids Health Dis. 2014; 13 (189).
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Research Journal of Health Sciences
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
Research Journal of Health Sciences journal is a peer reviewed, Open Access journal. The Journal subscribed to terms and conditions of Open Access publication. Articles are distributed under the terms of Creative Commons License (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0). (http://creativecommons.org/licences/by-nc-nd/4.0). All articles are made freely accessible for everyone to read, download, copy and distribute as long as appropriate credit is given and the new creations are licensed under the identical terms.
